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Official Description

Augmentation, mandibular body or angle; with bone graft, onlay or interpositional (includes obtaining autograft)

© Copyright 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The procedure described by CPT® Code 21127 involves the augmentation of the mandibular body or angle, which is a surgical intervention aimed at enhancing the structure and contour of the lower jaw. This augmentation can be achieved through the use of a bone graft, which is a piece of bone taken from another part of the patient's body, or through the application of prosthetic material. The procedure is comprehensive, as it includes the process of obtaining the autograft, which is the harvesting of the patient's own bone. The physician typically performs this surgery through both intraoral and extraoral incisions, allowing for effective access to the mandible. The harvested bone graft is then carefully placed into the targeted area of the mandible and secured using wires or screws to ensure stability. Following the placement of the graft, all incisions are meticulously closed to promote healing and minimize scarring. This procedure is essential for patients requiring structural support in the mandible due to various conditions, including congenital defects, trauma, or previous surgical interventions.

© Copyright 2025 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure described by CPT® Code 21127 is indicated for patients who require augmentation of the mandibular body or angle due to various conditions. These may include:

  • Congenital Defects - Patients born with structural abnormalities of the mandible may benefit from augmentation to improve function and aesthetics.
  • Trauma - Individuals who have suffered injuries to the jaw may need reconstruction to restore normal anatomy and function.
  • Previous Surgical Interventions - Patients who have undergone prior surgeries that have altered the structure of the mandible may require augmentation to correct or enhance the contour.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 21127 involves several critical steps to ensure successful augmentation of the mandibular body or angle:

  • Step 1: Patient Preparation - The patient is positioned appropriately, and anesthesia is administered to ensure comfort throughout the procedure. The surgical area is then prepared and draped to maintain a sterile environment.
  • Step 2: Incision - The physician makes both intraoral and extraoral incisions to access the mandible. The extraoral incision is typically made at the angle of the mandible, while the intraoral incision allows access from within the mouth.
  • Step 3: Harvesting the Autograft - Bone is harvested from a donor site on the patient's body, commonly from the hip or rib. This step is crucial as it provides the necessary material for the graft.
  • Step 4: Graft Placement - The harvested bone graft is carefully inserted into the desired location on the mandible. The physician ensures that the graft is positioned correctly to achieve optimal augmentation.
  • Step 5: Securing the Graft - The graft is secured in place using wires or screws to ensure stability and proper integration with the surrounding bone.
  • Step 6: Closure of Incisions - After the graft is secured, the physician meticulously closes all incisions, ensuring that the tissue is properly aligned to promote healing and minimize scarring.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for patients undergoing augmentation of the mandibular body or angle includes monitoring for any signs of complications, such as infection or graft failure. Patients are typically advised to follow a soft diet for a specified period to avoid stress on the surgical site. Pain management may be necessary, and the physician will provide instructions on the use of prescribed medications. Follow-up appointments are essential to assess healing and the integration of the graft. Patients should also be informed about the importance of maintaining oral hygiene to prevent infection at the surgical site.

Short Descr AUGMENTATION MNDBLR B1 GRF
Medium Descr AGMNTJ MNDBLR BDY/ANGL W/BONE GRF ONLAY/NTRPSTJ
Long Descr Augmentation, mandibular body or angle; with bone graft, onlay or interpositional (includes obtaining autograft)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 2 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery does not apply to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 1 - Co-surgeons could be paid, though supporting documentation is required...
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
ASC Payment Indicator Office-based surgical procedure added to ASC list in CY 2008 or later with MPFS nonfacility PE RVUs; payment based on OPPS relative payment weight.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P3D - Major procedure, orthopedic - other
MUE 2
CCS Clinical Classification 161 - Other OR therapeutic procedures on bone
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
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Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short and Medium Descriptions changed.
2013-01-01 Changed Medium Descriptor changed.
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
1991-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 1991.
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