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Official Description

Posterior segmental instrumentation (eg, pedicle fixation, dual rods with multiple hooks and sublaminar wires); 3 to 6 vertebral segments (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

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Common Language Description

Posterior segmental spinal instrumentation is a surgical procedure utilized during a separately reportable arthrodesis, commonly known as spinal fusion. This technique is primarily employed to address deformities or instabilities within the spine, which can result from various conditions such as degenerative diseases, trauma, or congenital anomalies. The instrumentation involves the attachment of a fixation device to the vertebral segments, specifically targeting the top and bottom vertebrae, as well as at least one additional vertebral segment in between. This method enhances the stability of the spine by providing a robust support structure. The procedure can involve different types of fixation techniques, including pedicle fixation and dual rod fixation. Pedicle fixation, also referred to as transpedicular fixation, entails the insertion of screws into the pedicles of the vertebrae, which are then directed into the vertebral bodies. This approach is executed across multiple interspaces, typically involving three or more vertebrae, ensuring that the screws are securely anchored to a plate or other fixation devices to maintain spinal stability. In contrast, dual rod fixation employs rods placed on either side of the affected spinal region, which are then secured to each vertebral segment using hooks and/or sublaminar wires. The hooks can be affixed to either the pedicle or the lamina of the vertebrae. When sublaminar wires are utilized, they are threaded under the lamina of each vertebral segment, encircling the rods and subsequently tightened to ensure a firm hold. This comprehensive approach to spinal instrumentation is critical for achieving successful outcomes in spinal surgeries, particularly when addressing complex spinal conditions.

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