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Official Description

Removal of transplanted renal allograft

© Copyright 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The procedure described by CPT® Code 50370 involves the surgical removal of a transplanted renal allograft, which is a donor kidney that has been previously implanted into a recipient. This operation is typically performed when the transplanted kidney is no longer functioning properly or is causing complications. The procedure begins with the physician making an incision in the lower abdomen to access the retroperitoneal space, which is the area behind the peritoneum that houses the kidneys and other structures. The transversalis fascia, a layer of tissue, is incised to facilitate entry into this space. Once inside, the peritoneum is retracted medially to provide a clear view of the transplanted kidney. The surgeon then carefully dissects the kidney free from the surrounding tissues, ensuring that the anastomosis sites—where the transplanted ureter and renal vessels connect to the recipient's body—are clearly exposed. The ureter, which carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, is meticulously dissected, ligated, and divided to prevent any leakage of urine. Similarly, the renal vessels, which supply blood to the kidney, are also dissected, ligated, and divided. After the kidney has been completely freed from its attachments, it is removed from the body. The surgeon then controls any bleeding that may occur during the procedure and proceeds to close the incisions made during the operation. This detailed process ensures that the removal of the transplanted kidney is performed safely and effectively, minimizing complications for the patient.

© Copyright 2025 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure described by CPT® Code 50370 is indicated for specific clinical scenarios involving the removal of a transplanted renal allograft. The following conditions may warrant this surgical intervention:

  • Kidney Rejection: The transplanted kidney may be rejected by the recipient's immune system, leading to loss of function.
  • Infection: Severe infections affecting the transplanted kidney that do not respond to medical treatment may necessitate removal.
  • Obstruction: Obstruction of the urinary tract due to the transplanted kidney can cause significant complications, requiring surgical intervention.
  • Malignancy: The presence of cancer in the transplanted kidney or surrounding tissues may require removal to prevent further spread.
  • Vascular Complications: Issues such as thrombosis or significant vascular compromise affecting the renal vessels may lead to the decision to remove the allograft.

2. Procedure

The procedure for the removal of a transplanted renal allograft involves several critical steps, each performed with precision to ensure patient safety and effective outcomes.

  • Step 1: The surgeon begins by making an incision in the lower abdomen, which provides access to the retroperitoneal space where the transplanted kidney is located.
  • Step 2: Following the incision, the transversalis fascia is incised to allow entry into the retroperitoneal area. This step is crucial for accessing the kidney without damaging surrounding structures.
  • Step 3: Once inside the retroperitoneal space, the peritoneum is retracted medially. This retraction is necessary to expose the transplanted kidney clearly and safely.
  • Step 4: The surgeon then carefully dissects the transplanted kidney free from the surrounding tissue. This dissection must be done meticulously to avoid injury to adjacent organs and structures.
  • Step 5: After the kidney is freed, the anastomosis sites of the transplanted ureter and renal vessels are exposed. This exposure is essential for the subsequent steps of the procedure.
  • Step 6: The ureter is then dissected free from surrounding tissue, ligated, and divided. This step prevents any leakage of urine from the ureter during the removal process.
  • Step 7: Similarly, the renal vessels are dissected free, ligated, and divided. This ensures that blood flow to the transplanted kidney is completely severed before removal.
  • Step 8: With the kidney fully detached from its vascular and urinary connections, the transplanted kidney is removed from the body.
  • Step 9: After the kidney is removed, the surgeon controls any bleeding that may have occurred during the procedure, ensuring hemostasis.
  • Step 10: Finally, the incisions made during the procedure are closed, completing the surgical intervention.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care following the removal of a transplanted renal allograft is critical for patient recovery. Patients are typically monitored for any signs of complications, such as bleeding or infection. Pain management is also an essential aspect of post-operative care, as patients may experience discomfort at the incision site. Follow-up appointments are necessary to assess the patient's recovery and to monitor kidney function, particularly if the patient has other remaining renal function. Additionally, the healthcare team may provide instructions regarding activity restrictions and signs of potential complications that the patient should watch for as they recover.

Short Descr RMVL TRANSPLANTED RNL ALGRFT
Medium Descr REMOVAL OF TRANSPLANTED RENAL ALLOGRAFT
Long Descr Removal of transplanted renal allograft
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 2 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery does not apply to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 1 - Co-surgeons could be paid, though supporting documentation is required...
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Inpatient Procedures, not paid under OPPS
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P1G - Major procedure - Other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 104 - Nephrectomy, partial or complete
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
62 Two surgeons: when 2 surgeons work together as primary surgeons performing distinct part(s) of a procedure, each surgeon should report his/her distinct operative work by adding modifier 62 to the procedure code and any associated add-on code(s) for that procedure as long as both surgeons continue to work together as primary surgeons. each surgeon should report the co-surgery once using the same procedure code. if additional procedure(s) (including add-on procedure(s) are performed during the same surgical session, separate code(s) may also be reported with modifier 62 added. note: if a co-surgeon acts as an assistant in the performance of additional procedure(s), other than those reported with the modifier 62, during the same surgical session, those services may be reported using separate procedure code(s) with modifier 80 or modifier 82 added, as appropriate.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
80 Assistant surgeon: surgical assistant services may be identified by adding modifier 80 to the usual procedure number(s).
81 Minimum assistant surgeon: minimum surgical assistant services are identified by adding modifier 81 to the usual procedure number.
82 Assistant surgeon (when qualified resident surgeon not available): the unavailability of a qualified resident surgeon is a prerequisite for use of modifier 82 appended to the usual procedure code number(s).
AG Primary physician
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
AS Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
Date
Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short and Medium Descriptions changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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