CPT® Code 70320

1. Indications

The radiologic examination of the teeth, as described by CPT® Code 70320, is indicated for various dental assessments and conditions. The following are the primary indications for performing a complete full mouth series of x-rays:

• Dental Decay The procedure is performed to identify the presence of caries (cavities) between teeth that may not be visible during a clinical examination.
• Gum Disease It is indicated for evaluating bone loss associated with periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth mobility and loss if not addressed.
• Impacted Teeth The examination helps in diagnosing teeth that are impacted or crowded, which may require surgical intervention or orthodontic treatment.
• Abscesses The procedure is essential for detecting dental abscesses or infections that may not be apparent through visual inspection alone.
• Root Fractures It assists in identifying broken tooth roots that could lead to complications if left untreated.
• Developmental Anomalies The examination is useful for assessing developmental issues such as extra teeth, cleft palates, or other congenital anomalies.

2. Procedure

The procedure for a complete full mouth radiologic examination involves several key steps to ensure comprehensive imaging of the dental structures. The following outlines the procedural steps:

• Step 1: Patient Preparation The patient is positioned comfortably in the dental chair, and protective lead aprons are placed to shield the body from unnecessary radiation exposure. The dentist or dental technician explains the procedure to the patient to ensure understanding and cooperation.
• Step 2: Selection of X-ray Types The clinician selects the appropriate types of x-rays to be taken, which typically include bitewing, periapical, and occlusal x-rays. Each type serves a specific purpose in visualizing different aspects of the teeth and surrounding structures.
• Step 3: Taking Bitewing X-rays The bitewing x-rays are taken first, capturing images of the upper and lower back teeth. The patient bites down on a film holder or sensor, which helps to align the x-ray beam correctly. This step is crucial for assessing interproximal decay and bone levels.
• Step 4: Taking Periapical X-rays Next, periapical x-rays are obtained for each tooth in the mouth. These x-rays are taken with the film or sensor positioned to capture the entire tooth from the crown to the root, including the supporting bone. This step is vital for diagnosing issues below the gum line.
• Step 5: Taking Occlusal X-rays Finally, occlusal x-rays are performed to visualize the roof and floor of the mouth. The patient is instructed to bite down on the film or sensor, allowing the clinician to assess unerupted teeth, jaw fractures, and other abnormalities.
• Step 6: Image Processing After all x-rays are taken, the images are processed, either digitally or through traditional film development, to ensure clarity and diagnostic quality. The clinician reviews the images for any abnormalities or areas of concern.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the full mouth radiologic examination, the patient may be advised on post-procedure care, although there are typically no specific restrictions following the x-rays. The clinician will review the images and discuss any findings with the patient, which may lead to further diagnostic or treatment recommendations based on the results. Patients are encouraged to maintain regular dental check-ups to monitor their oral health and address any emerging issues promptly. Additionally, the clinician may document the findings in the patient's dental record for future reference and treatment planning.