CPT® Code 78351

1. Indications

The bone density (bone mineral content) study is indicated for the following conditions:

• Suspected Osteoporosis This study is performed when there is a clinical suspicion of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures.
• Evaluation of Disease Progression The procedure is utilized to monitor the progression of osteoporosis in patients who have already been diagnosed with the condition.
• Effectiveness of Treatment It is also indicated for assessing the effectiveness of ongoing treatment regimens aimed at improving bone density and overall bone health.

2. Procedure

The procedure for conducting a bone density study using dual photon absorptiometry involves several key steps:

• Establishment of Intravenous Access An intravenous line is established to allow for the administration of the radiolabeled isotope tracer. This step is crucial as it ensures that the tracer can be injected directly into the patient's circulatory system for optimal imaging results.
• Injection of Radiolabeled Isotope Tracer The radiolabeled isotope tracer, typically gadolinium-153 for dual photon absorptiometry, is injected into the intravenous line. This tracer is essential for the imaging process as it emits radioactive energy that will be measured during the scan.
• Waiting Period After the injection, a prescribed waiting period is observed to allow the tracer to circulate and localize in the bone tissue. This period is important for ensuring accurate measurements during the imaging phase.
• Patient Positioning Once the waiting period is complete, the patient is positioned on the imaging table. The gamma camera is then placed over the specific area of the body that is to be studied, such as the hip or spine.
• Scanning Process The scanning is performed at specific intervals, during which the gamma camera detects the radioactive energy emitted from the tracer. This energy is then converted into images that represent the bone density in the targeted areas.
• Interpretation of Results After the imaging is complete, the physician interprets the results of the bone density study. A comprehensive written report is generated, detailing the findings and any relevant observations regarding the patient's bone health.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for a bone density study typically involves minimal recovery time, as the procedure is non-invasive and does not require sedation. Patients may resume their normal activities immediately following the study. However, it is advisable for patients to follow any specific instructions provided by their healthcare provider regarding hydration or monitoring for any unusual symptoms. The physician will review the results of the bone density study with the patient during a follow-up appointment, discussing any necessary next steps based on the findings.