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Official Description

Cannabinoids, synthetic; 4-6

© Copyright 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

A laboratory test designated by CPT® Code 80351 is utilized to measure the presence of synthetic cannabinoids in biological samples such as urine, saliva, or blood. Synthetic cannabinoids are chemically engineered substances that mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis. Commonly known as 'spice' or 'K2,' these substances are often marketed under various names, including 'herbal incense,' 'potpourri,' or 'legal' marijuana. Unlike natural cannabis, synthetic cannabinoids are designed to interact with the same receptors in the central nervous system as THC, leading to similar psychoactive effects. However, they are associated with a higher risk of adverse reactions, including anxiety, agitation, and hallucinations. These designer drugs are categorized into three main classes: classical cannabinoids (such as HU-210), cyclohexylphenols, and aminoalkylindoles. The chemical structures of synthetic cannabinoids are frequently altered to evade detection in standard drug tests, making them a challenge for accurate identification. It is important to note that synthetic cannabinoids will not be identified in immunoassay tests that are typically used for THC detection. The collection of samples for testing involves specific methods: a blood sample is obtained through a separately reportable venipuncture, a urine sample can be collected via random void or catheterization, and saliva is gathered using a swab or in a sample cup. The testing methodologies employed include liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for blood and saliva samples, while urine samples are initially screened using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and subsequently confirmed with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. For coding purposes, CPT® Code 80350 is applicable for testing 1-3 synthetic cannabinoids, while CPT® Code 80351 is specifically designated for the analysis of 4-6 synthetic cannabinoid compounds, and CPT® Code 80352 is used when testing for 7 or more synthetic cannabinoids.

© Copyright 2025 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The laboratory test associated with CPT® Code 80351 is indicated for the detection and measurement of synthetic cannabinoids in patients who may be experiencing symptoms related to their use. The following conditions or situations may warrant the performance of this test:

  • Substance Use Evaluation Patients suspected of using synthetic cannabinoids may require testing to confirm the presence of these substances.
  • Acute Toxicity Assessment Individuals presenting with symptoms of acute toxicity, such as agitation, anxiety, or hallucinations, may be tested to identify synthetic cannabinoid use.
  • Monitoring Treatment Patients undergoing treatment for substance use disorders may be tested periodically to monitor for synthetic cannabinoid use.
  • Legal or Employment Testing Testing may be required for legal reasons or as part of employment screening processes to ensure compliance with substance use policies.

2. Procedure

The procedure for testing synthetic cannabinoids as per CPT® Code 80351 involves several key steps, which are outlined below:

  • Sample Collection The first step in the procedure is the collection of biological samples. A blood sample is obtained through a venipuncture, which is a method of drawing blood from a vein. For urine testing, a sample can be collected either through random voiding or catheterization, depending on the clinical scenario. Saliva samples are collected using a swab or in a sample cup, ensuring that the collection method is appropriate for the type of analysis being performed.
  • Initial Screening Once the samples are collected, the urine sample undergoes an initial screening using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This screening method is designed to detect the presence of synthetic cannabinoids in the urine. If the initial screening yields a positive result, further confirmation testing is conducted.
  • Confirmation Testing For urine samples that test positive, confirmation is performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). This advanced testing method provides a more accurate and specific identification of the synthetic cannabinoids present in the sample. Blood and saliva samples are also analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to ensure precise measurement of synthetic cannabinoids.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the testing procedure, the results are analyzed and interpreted by qualified laboratory personnel. The findings are then reported to the requesting healthcare provider, who will use the information to guide clinical decision-making. Depending on the results, further evaluation or intervention may be necessary for the patient. It is important to consider that the detection of synthetic cannabinoids may have implications for treatment plans, legal matters, or employment status. Patients may be advised on the potential effects of synthetic cannabinoids and the importance of avoiding their use, especially in the context of mental health and safety.

Short Descr CANNABINOIDS SYNTHETIC 4-6
Medium Descr DRUG SCREENING CANNABINOIDS SYNTHETIC 4-6
Long Descr Cannabinoids, synthetic; 4-6
Status Code Not Valid for Medicare Purposes
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 9 - Not Applicable
Multiple Procedures (51) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Co-Surgeons (62) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Team Surgery (66) 9 - Concept does not apply.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Code Not Recognized by OPPS when submitted on Outpatient Hospital Part B Bill Type (12x/13x)
Type of Service (TOS) 5 - Diagnostic Laboratory
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) T2D - Other tests - other
MUE 1
Date
Action
Notes
2015-01-01 Added Added
Code
Description