CPT® Code 81512

1. Indications

The CPT® Code 81512 is indicated for use in the following scenarios:

• Assessment of Fetal Risk This test is performed to evaluate the risk of fetal congenital abnormalities, including trisomy 18, trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), and open neural tube defects (ONTD) such as spina bifida.
• Pregnancy Outcome Prediction It aids in determining the likelihood of pregnancy outcomes, including the risk of failure to carry to term or complications associated with term gestation.
• Preeclampsia Risk Evaluation The test is utilized to assess the risk of developing preeclampsia during pregnancy.
• Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Screening It is also indicated for screening for gestational trophoblastic disease, which can affect pregnancy viability.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® Code 81512 involves several key steps that ensure accurate measurement of the analytes in maternal serum:

• Step 1: Patient Preparation The patient is informed about the test and the importance of timing for sample collection, which should occur between 14 weeks, 0 days and 24 weeks, 6 days of gestation. Proper patient education is essential to ensure compliance and understanding of the procedure.
• Step 2: Sample Collection A blood sample is obtained through a venipuncture, which is a standard procedure where a needle is inserted into a vein to draw blood. This step is crucial as the quality of the sample directly impacts the accuracy of the test results.
• Step 3: Laboratory Analysis The collected serum is then subjected to quantitative chemiluminescent immunoassay or electroluminescence assay techniques in a laboratory setting. These advanced testing methods allow for precise measurement of the five analytes: AFP, uE3, total hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG, and DIA.
• Step 4: Risk Score Calculation After the analytes are measured, the results are processed using an algorithm that calculates a risk score. This score reflects the likelihood of the presence of fetal congenital abnormalities and is reported to the healthcare provider.

3. Post-Procedure

After the procedure, the patient may resume normal activities, as there are typically no significant side effects associated with the blood draw. It is important for the healthcare provider to discuss the results with the patient once they are available, typically within a few days. The risk score provided by the test can guide further diagnostic testing or monitoring as needed, depending on the results and the clinical context. Additionally, the healthcare provider may recommend follow-up appointments to discuss any necessary interventions or additional testing based on the risk assessment.