CPT® Code 90702

1. Indications

The administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed (DT) is indicated for the immunization of individuals younger than 7 years. This vaccine is crucial for protecting against the diseases caused by the toxins of diphtheria and tetanus, which can lead to severe health complications if contracted. The primary indications for this procedure include:

• Immunization against Diphtheria - Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection that affects the mucous membranes of the throat and nose, leading to difficulty breathing, heart failure, and even death.
• Immunization against Tetanus - Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a potentially fatal disease caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, leading to painful muscle stiffness and spasms.
• Routine Childhood Vaccination - The DT vaccine is part of the standard immunization schedule for children, ensuring they develop immunity before they are exposed to these diseases.

2. Procedure

The procedure for administering diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed (DT) involves several key steps to ensure safety and efficacy. Each step is critical to the successful immunization of the patient.

• Step 1: Patient Assessment - Prior to administration, the healthcare provider assesses the patient's medical history, including any previous allergic reactions to vaccines, current health status, and vaccination history to determine eligibility for the DT vaccine.
• Step 2: Preparation of the Vaccine - The diphtheria and tetanus toxoids are prepared according to the manufacturer's guidelines. This includes checking the expiration date, ensuring proper storage conditions, and shaking the vial gently to mix the contents if necessary.
• Step 3: Site Selection and Preparation - The healthcare provider selects an appropriate intramuscular injection site, typically the anterolateral thigh for infants and young children. The site is cleaned with an antiseptic wipe to reduce the risk of infection.
• Step 4: Administration of the Vaccine - Using a sterile syringe and needle, the provider administers the DT vaccine intramuscularly. The injection is given at a 90-degree angle to ensure proper delivery into the muscle tissue.
• Step 5: Post-Administration Care - After the injection, the provider monitors the patient for any immediate adverse reactions, such as allergic responses. The patient or guardian is given information on potential side effects and the importance of follow-up doses.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care for the administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed (DT) includes monitoring the patient for any immediate side effects, which may include mild fever, soreness at the injection site, or irritability. It is essential to inform the patient or guardian about these potential reactions and to advise them on when to seek medical attention. Additionally, the importance of completing the full vaccination series, including any necessary booster doses, should be emphasized to ensure long-term immunity against diphtheria and tetanus. Documentation of the vaccine administration, including the date, lot number, and site of injection, is also crucial for maintaining accurate medical records.