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The CPT® Code 97014 refers to the application of a modality to one or more areas through electrical stimulation that is performed in an unattended manner. This procedure utilizes devices such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), functional electrical stimulation (FES), or neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). During the application, a physical therapist or a physical therapy aide positions electrodes on the skin over the targeted area. Once the electrodes are in place, the electrical stimulation device is activated, delivering controlled electrical impulses to the skin. These impulses induce muscle contractions, which in turn stimulate both muscle and nerve tissues. The primary goals of this modality are to alleviate pain and facilitate the healing process. It is important to note that the application of this modality can be conducted as a supervised treatment that does not necessitate direct, one-on-one contact with the patient. The specific code 97014 is designated for instances where the electrical stimulation is administered in an unattended manner, meaning that the patient does not require continuous supervision during the treatment.
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The application of electrical stimulation using CPT® Code 97014 is indicated for various conditions where pain relief and muscle stimulation are necessary. The following are the explicitly provided indications for this procedure:
The procedure for applying electrical stimulation using CPT® Code 97014 involves several key steps that ensure effective treatment. The following outlines the procedural steps:
After the application of electrical stimulation using CPT® Code 97014, patients may experience immediate relief from pain and improved muscle function. It is common for patients to be advised to rest the treated area and avoid strenuous activities for a short period following the procedure. Additionally, the therapist may recommend follow-up sessions to maximize the benefits of the treatment. Patients should be informed about potential mild side effects, such as skin irritation at the electrode sites or temporary muscle soreness. Continuous assessment of the patient's response to the treatment is essential to determine the effectiveness and make any necessary adjustments in future sessions.
| Short Descr | ELECTRIC STIMULATION THERAPY | Medium Descr | APPL MODALITY 1/> AREAS ELEC STIMJ UNATTENDED | Long Descr | Application of a modality to 1 or more areas; electrical stimulation (unattended) | Status Code | Not Valid for Medicare Purposes | Global Days | XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply | PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) | 9 - Not Applicable | Multiple Procedures (51) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Bilateral Surgery (50) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Physician Supervisions | 09 - Concept does not apply. | Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Co-Surgeons (62) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Team Surgery (66) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Diagnostic Imaging Family | 99 - Concept Does Not Apply | APC Status Indicator | Non-Covered Service, not paid under OPPS | Type of Service (TOS) | 1 - Medical Care | Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) | P6C - Minor procedures - other (Medicare fee schedule) | MUE | 0 | CCS Clinical Classification | 213 - Physical therapy exercises, manipulation, and other procedures |
| GY | Item or service statutorily excluded, does not meet the definition of any medicare benefit or, for non-medicare insurers, is not a contract benefit | GP | Services delivered under an outpatient physical therapy plan of care | 59 | Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25. | GA | Waiver of liability statement issued as required by payer policy, individual case | GX | Notice of liability issued, voluntary under payer policy | KX | Requirements specified in the medical policy have been met | 52 | Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use). | GZ | Item or service expected to be denied as not reasonable and necessary | CQ | Outpatient physical therapy services furnished in whole or in part by a physical therapist assistant | 97 | Rehabilitative services: when a service or procedure that may be either habilitative or rehabilitative in nature is provided for rehabilitative purposes, the physician or other qualified health care professional may add modifier 97 to the service or procedure code to indicate that the service or procedure provided was a rehabilitative service. rehabilitative services help an individual keep, get back, or improve skills and functioning for daily living that have been lost or impaired because the individual was sick, hurt, or disabled. | AT | Acute treatment (this modifier should be used when reporting service 98940, 98941, 98942) | XE | Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter | GO | Services delivered under an outpatient occupational therapy plan of care | GN | Services delivered under an outpatient speech language pathology plan of care | GB | Claim being re-submitted for payment because it is no longer covered under a global payment demonstration | XS | Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure | 96 | Habilitative services: when a service or procedure that may be either habilitative or rehabilitative in nature is provided for habilitative purposes, the physician or other qualified health care professional may add modifier 96 to the service or procedure code to indicate that the service or procedure provided was a habilitative service. habilitative services help an individual learn skills and functioning for daily living that the individual has not yet developed, and then keep and/or improve those learned skills. habilitative services also help an individual keep, learn, or improve skills and functioning for daily living. | Q6 | Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area | XU | Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service | 76 | Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service. | 25 | Significant, separately identifiable evaluation and management service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional on the same day of the procedure or other service: it may be necessary to indicate that on the day a procedure or service identified by a cpt code was performed, the patient's condition required a significant, separately identifiable e/m service above and beyond the other service provided or beyond the usual preoperative and postoperative care associated with the procedure that was performed. a significant, separately identifiable e/m service is defined or substantiated by documentation that satisfies the relevant criteria for the respective e/m service to be reported (see evaluation and management services guidelines for instructions on determining level of e/m service). the e/m service may be prompted by the symptom or condition for which the procedure and/or service was provided. as such, different diagnoses are not required for reporting of the e/m services on the same date. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 25 to the appropriate level of e/m service. note: this modifier is not used to report an e/m service that resulted in a decision to perform surgery. see modifier 57 for significant, separately identifiable non-e/m services, see modifier 59. | 50 | Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d). | 51 | Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d). | 53 | Discontinued procedure: under certain circumstances, the physician or other qualified health care professional may elect to terminate a surgical or diagnostic procedure. due to extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well being of the patient, it may be necessary to indicate that a surgical or diagnostic procedure was started but discontinued. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 53 to the code reported by the individual for the discontinued procedure. note: this modifier is not used to report the elective cancellation of a procedure prior to the patient's anesthesia induction and/or surgical preparation in the operating suite. for outpatient hospital/ambulatory surgery center (asc) reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use). | CA | Procedure payable only in the inpatient setting when performed emergently on an outpatient who expires prior to admission | CO | Outpatient occupational therapy services furnished in whole or in part by an occupational therapy assistant | FP | Service provided as part of family planning program | GE | This service has been performed by a resident without the presence of a teaching physician under the primary care exception | GF | Non-physician (e.g. nurse practitioner (np), certified registered nurse anesthetist (crna), certified registered nurse (crn), clinical nurse specialist (cns), physician assistant (pa)) services in a critical access hospital | GR | This service was performed in whole or in part by a resident in a department of veterans affairs medical center or clinic, supervised in accordance with va policy | GT | Via interactive audio and video telecommunication systems | GV | Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider | KY | Dmepos item subject to dmepos competitive bidding program number 5 | LT | Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body) | Q5 | Service furnished under a reciprocal billing arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area | RT | Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body) | XP | Separate practitioner, a service that is distinct because it was performed by a different practitioner |
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Date
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Action
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Notes
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| 2024-01-01 | Changed | Guideline changed. |
| 2009-01-01 | Changed | Code description changed. |
| Pre-1990 | Added | Code added. |
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