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Official Description

Arthroplasty with prosthetic replacement; distal radius

© Copyright 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Arthroplasty with prosthetic replacement of the distal radius, as described by CPT® Code 25441, is a surgical procedure aimed at replacing the distal end of the radius bone in the forearm with a prosthetic implant. This procedure is typically indicated for patients suffering from severe conditions affecting the wrist joint, such as advanced arthritis, trauma, or other degenerative diseases that compromise the function and integrity of the distal radius. The surgery involves making a precise incision along the posterior aspect of the wrist, allowing the surgeon to access the radiocarpal joint and the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). During the operation, careful attention is given to protecting the surrounding nerves and tendons, ensuring that the surgical field is clear for the excision of the damaged bone and the placement of the prosthetic component. The procedure is designed to restore wrist function, alleviate pain, and improve the overall quality of life for patients with significant wrist joint issues.

© Copyright 2025 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure of arthroplasty with prosthetic replacement of the distal radius is indicated for various conditions that severely affect the wrist joint. These include:

  • Severe Arthritis - Patients with advanced osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis may require this procedure to alleviate pain and restore function.
  • Trauma - Fractures or injuries to the distal radius that do not heal properly or result in significant deformity may necessitate surgical intervention.
  • Degenerative Joint Disease - Conditions leading to the deterioration of the joint surfaces can warrant the need for prosthetic replacement.

2. Procedure

The surgical procedure for arthroplasty with prosthetic replacement of the distal radius involves several critical steps:

  • Incision - A midline incision is made over the posterior aspect of the wrist, extending from the distal forearm to the proximal metacarpal. This incision provides access to the underlying structures.
  • Exposure of Joints - The radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) are carefully exposed to allow for the necessary surgical interventions.
  • Retinaculum Release - The retinaculum is released, starting from the ulnar border and extending to the radial border, to facilitate access to the joint and protect surrounding structures.
  • Nerve Protection - The radial and ulnar nerves are safeguarded using vessel loops to prevent injury during the procedure.
  • Tendon Retraction - Tendons are retracted to provide a clear view of the surgical field and to allow for the excision of the distal radius.
  • Joint Capsule Elevation - The dorsal aspect of the joint capsule is elevated as a single layer, which is essential for accessing the distal radius.
  • Bone Excision - A guide is placed over the distal radius to determine the amount of bone to be excised. The distal radius is then removed using a bone saw or osteotome.
  • Trial Component Placement - The remaining portion of the distal radius is sized, and a trial radial component is placed to evaluate fit and function. Adjustments are made as necessary.
  • Final Prosthetic Placement - The final prosthetic component is secured in place, ensuring proper alignment and stability.
  • Stabilization - Sutures are placed through the triangular fibrocartilage to stabilize the prosthesis within the joint.
  • Closure of Joint Capsule - The dorsal aspect of the joint capsule is returned to its normal position and repaired with sutures to ensure proper healing.
  • Retinaculum and Soft Tissue Repair - The retinaculum is repaired, followed by the closure of the overlying soft tissues and skin in layers to promote optimal recovery.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the arthroplasty with prosthetic replacement of the distal radius, patients typically undergo a recovery period that may involve immobilization of the wrist to allow for healing. Post-operative care includes monitoring for any signs of complications, such as infection or improper healing of the surgical site. Patients may also be advised on rehabilitation exercises to restore mobility and strength in the wrist. Follow-up appointments are essential to assess the function of the prosthetic component and to ensure that the wrist is healing appropriately.

Short Descr ARTHRP W/PROSTC DSTL RDS
Medium Descr ARTHROPLASTY W/PROSTHETIC RPLCMT DISTAL RADIUS
Long Descr Arthroplasty with prosthetic replacement; distal radius
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 2 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery does not apply to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 1 - Co-surgeons could be paid, though supporting documentation is required...
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
ASC Payment Indicator Device-intensive procedure added to ASC list in CY 2008 or later; paid at adjusted rate.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P3D - Major procedure, orthopedic - other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 154 - Arthroplasty other than hip or knee
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
80 Assistant surgeon: surgical assistant services may be identified by adding modifier 80 to the usual procedure number(s).
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
AS Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery
F5 Right hand, thumb
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
Date
Action
Notes
2025-01-01 Changed Short Description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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