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Official Description

Open treatment of femoral fracture, proximal end, head, includes internal fixation, when performed

© Copyright 2025 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The CPT® Code 27269 refers to the open treatment of a proximal end femoral head fracture, which is a specific type of fracture occurring at the uppermost part of the femur, near the hip joint. This procedure is typically indicated for younger patients who sustain such fractures due to traumatic events, such as falls or accidents. The open treatment approach involves making a surgical incision over the anterolateral aspect of the hip joint, allowing the surgeon to access the fracture site directly. During the procedure, the joint capsule is incised, and the hip is dislocated anteriorly to provide a clear view of the fracture. Once the fracture is identified, it is carefully debrided to remove any debris or damaged tissue. The surgeon then reduces the fracture, aligning the bone fragments back into their normal anatomical position. This reduction is confirmed through visual inspection and radiographic imaging to ensure proper alignment. If the fracture requires stabilization, internal fixation devices such as screws or pins are inserted below the articular cartilaginous surface of the femoral head. These devices help to compress the fracture and maintain the alignment, with the final position being verified again through visual and radiographic means to ensure optimal healing conditions.

© Copyright 2025 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The open treatment of a proximal end femoral head fracture is indicated for patients who present with specific symptoms or conditions related to this type of injury. The following are the primary indications for performing this procedure:

  • Traumatic Injury The procedure is typically indicated following a traumatic event that results in a fracture of the femoral head, often seen in younger patients.
  • Displacement of Fracture Indicated when the fracture is displaced, requiring surgical intervention to restore proper alignment and function.
  • Inability to Heal Conservatively When conservative treatment methods, such as immobilization, are deemed insufficient for healing the fracture.

2. Procedure

The open treatment of a proximal end femoral head fracture involves several critical procedural steps that ensure effective treatment and stabilization of the injury. The following outlines the detailed steps of the procedure:

  • Step 1: Incision An incision is made over the anterolateral aspect of the hip joint to provide access to the fracture site. This strategic location allows the surgeon to reach the femoral head effectively.
  • Step 2: Joint Capsule Dissection The dissection is carried down to the joint capsule, which is then incised to expose the underlying structures. This step is crucial for accessing the fracture directly.
  • Step 3: Hip Dislocation The hip is dislocated anteriorly, allowing for a clear view of the fracture. This maneuver is necessary to facilitate the identification and treatment of the fracture.
  • Step 4: Fracture Identification and Debridement The fracture is identified, and any debris or damaged tissue is debrided to prepare the site for reduction. This step is essential for ensuring a clean area for healing.
  • Step 5: Reduction of Fracture The fracture is reduced into its normal anatomical position. This alignment is critical for restoring function and stability to the hip joint.
  • Step 6: Verification of Reduction The reduction is verified both visually and radiographically to ensure that the bone fragments are properly aligned and positioned.
  • Step 7: Internal Fixation (if required) If internal fixation is necessary, screws, pins, or other fixation devices are placed below the articular cartilaginous surface of the femoral head. This stabilization is vital for maintaining the alignment during the healing process.
  • Step 8: Compression and Final Verification The fracture is compressed by the fixation device, and optimal reduction is again confirmed visually and radiographically to ensure the best conditions for healing.

3. Post-Procedure

After the open treatment of a proximal end femoral head fracture, post-procedure care is essential for recovery. Patients are typically monitored for any signs of complications, such as infection or improper healing. Rehabilitation may be initiated to restore mobility and strength in the hip joint, often involving physical therapy. The duration of recovery can vary based on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health. Follow-up appointments are necessary to assess the healing process through imaging studies and clinical evaluations, ensuring that the fracture is healing correctly and that the patient is regaining function.

Short Descr OPTX THIGH FX
Medium Descr OPEN TX FEMORAL FRACTURE PROXIMAL END HEAD
Long Descr Open treatment of femoral fracture, proximal end, head, includes internal fixation, when performed
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 2 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery does not apply to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 1 - Co-surgeons could be paid, though supporting documentation is required...
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Inpatient Procedures, not paid under OPPS
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P3D - Major procedure, orthopedic - other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 146 - Treatment, fracture or dislocation of hip and femur
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
80 Assistant surgeon: surgical assistant services may be identified by adding modifier 80 to the usual procedure number(s).
AS Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
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Notes
2008-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 2008.
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