CPT® Code 80055

1. Indications

The obstetric panel is performed for several important indications related to the health of the pregnant individual and the fetus. These include:

• Assessment of Anemia - The complete blood count (CBC) is utilized to evaluate hemoglobin levels and red blood cell counts, which are critical for identifying anemia that may affect the mother’s health and fetal development.
• Detection of Blood Clotting Disorders - The CBC also helps in identifying potential blood clotting disorders that could pose risks during pregnancy.
• Screening for Venereal Diseases - The qualitative syphilis test is conducted to screen for syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection that can lead to serious complications for both the mother and fetus.
• Identification of Hepatitis B Infection - Testing for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is crucial for detecting current infections that could impact maternal and fetal health.
• Evaluation of Immunity to Rubella - The rubella antibody test determines whether the individual has immunity to rubella, which is important to prevent fetal anomalies associated with the infection.
• Assessment of Blood Compatibility - Blood typing for ABO and Rh factors is essential for identifying potential incompatibilities between the mother and fetus, which can lead to hemolytic disease in the newborn.
• Preparation for Blood Transfusion - The RBC antibody screen is performed to identify any antibodies that may complicate blood transfusions if needed during or after delivery.

2. Procedure

The obstetric panel involves a series of specific laboratory tests that are performed as follows:

• Step 1: Complete Blood Count (CBC) - A blood sample is collected from the patient to perform a complete blood count, which includes an automated count of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. An automated differential WBC count is also included, which provides detailed information about the different types of white blood cells present in the sample. Alternatively, if an automated differential is not available, a manual differential may be performed.
• Step 2: Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Testing - The same blood sample is tested for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using specific assays that detect the antigen produced by the hepatitis B virus, indicating an active infection.
• Step 3: Rubella Antibody Testing - The blood sample is analyzed for rubella antibodies to determine if the patient has immunity to rubella, which is critical for preventing fetal anomalies.
• Step 4: Syphilis Testing - A qualitative test for syphilis is performed on the blood sample, typically using non-treponemal tests such as VDRL, RPR, or ART, to screen for current infections.
• Step 5: RBC Antibody Screen - The blood sample undergoes testing to identify any red blood cell antibodies that may be present, which is important for anticipating potential transfusion needs.
• Step 6: Blood Typing - Blood typing is performed to determine the ABO and Rh (D) blood groups of the patient. This information is essential for assessing compatibility with the fetus and for any necessary blood transfusions.

3. Post-Procedure

After the obstetric panel is completed, the results are typically reviewed by the healthcare provider to assess the health status of the mother and fetus. Depending on the findings, further action may be required, such as additional testing, monitoring, or treatment for any identified conditions. For instance, if anemia is detected, the provider may recommend dietary changes or supplements. If any infections are identified, appropriate treatment protocols will be initiated to mitigate risks to the mother and fetus. It is also important for the healthcare provider to discuss the results with the patient, ensuring that they understand any implications for their pregnancy and any necessary follow-up care.