CPT® Code 77520

1. Indications

The procedure coded under CPT® Code 77520 is indicated for the treatment of various tumors, particularly those that are located beneath significant amounts of healthy tissue. The use of proton therapy is especially beneficial in cases where precision is paramount to avoid damaging surrounding healthy structures. The following conditions may warrant the use of this procedure:

• Malignant tumors that require targeted radiation therapy to minimize collateral damage to adjacent healthy tissues.
• Benign tumors that are inoperable or pose a risk if traditional radiation methods are used.
• Pediatric tumors where the preservation of healthy tissue is critical due to the patient's age and potential for growth.

2. Procedure

The procedure for proton treatment delivery as described by CPT® Code 77520 involves several key steps that ensure the effective administration of radiation therapy. The following procedural steps outline the process:

• Step 1: Patient Preparation The patient is positioned appropriately to ensure optimal targeting of the tumor. This may involve the use of immobilization devices to maintain the patient's position throughout the treatment.
• Step 2: Treatment Planning Prior to the delivery of proton therapy, a detailed treatment plan is developed. This plan is based on imaging studies that identify the tumor's location, size, and shape, allowing for precise targeting of the proton beam.
• Step 3: Proton Beam Delivery The physician administers the proton treatment by directing the proton beam at the tumor through a single non-tangential or oblique port. The use of a custom block helps to shape the radiation field, ensuring that the beam conforms to the tumor's contours.
• Step 4: Monitoring During the treatment, the patient's response is monitored to ensure that the proton beam is accurately targeting the tumor and that there are no adverse effects on surrounding healthy tissue.

3. Post-Procedure

After the completion of the proton treatment delivery, the patient may be monitored for any immediate side effects or reactions to the therapy. Follow-up appointments are typically scheduled to assess the effectiveness of the treatment and to monitor for any potential complications. Patients may experience some localized side effects, which should be managed according to established protocols. It is essential for healthcare providers to document the treatment outcomes and any post-procedure care instructions given to the patient to ensure continuity of care and proper follow-up.