CPT® Code 77522

1. Indications

The procedure coded as CPT® 77522 is indicated for the treatment of various tumors, particularly those that are located beneath significant amounts of healthy tissue. The use of proton therapy is especially beneficial in cases where precision is critical to avoid damaging adjacent healthy structures. The following conditions may warrant the use of this procedure:

• Malignant tumors that require targeted radiation therapy to minimize collateral damage to surrounding healthy tissues.
• Benign tumors that are in close proximity to critical organs or structures, where traditional radiation methods may pose a higher risk of adverse effects.
• Pediatric tumors where the preservation of healthy tissue is crucial due to the patient's age and the potential for long-term side effects from radiation exposure.

2. Procedure

The procedure for CPT® 77522 involves several key steps to ensure the effective delivery of proton therapy. Each step is critical for achieving the desired therapeutic outcome while maintaining patient safety.

• Step 1: Patient Positioning The patient is positioned on the treatment table in a manner that allows for optimal access to the tumor site. This positioning is crucial for ensuring that the proton beam can be accurately directed at the tumor while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.
• Step 2: Treatment Planning Prior to the actual treatment, a detailed treatment plan is developed. This plan includes imaging studies to precisely locate the tumor and determine the appropriate angles for proton beam delivery. The use of advanced imaging techniques helps in creating a customized treatment approach tailored to the individual patient's anatomy.
• Step 3: Custom Block Creation A custom block is created to shape the proton beam according to the specific dimensions and contours of the tumor. This block is essential for controlling the radiation dose and ensuring that the beam conforms to the tumor's shape, thereby maximizing treatment efficacy.
• Step 4: Proton Beam Delivery The proton beam is delivered through a single non-tangential or oblique port, targeting the tumor as per the treatment plan. The physician monitors the delivery process to ensure that the radiation dose is administered accurately and effectively.
• Step 5: Treatment Verification After the proton beam has been delivered, verification steps are taken to confirm that the treatment was executed as planned. This may involve imaging or other methods to assess the accuracy of the proton delivery and ensure that the desired therapeutic effect has been achieved.

3. Post-Procedure

Following the proton treatment delivery coded as CPT® 77522, patients may require specific post-procedure care to monitor for any immediate side effects or complications. It is important for healthcare providers to assess the patient's response to the treatment and manage any discomfort or adverse reactions that may arise. Patients are typically advised to follow up with their healthcare team for ongoing evaluation and to discuss any concerns regarding their recovery. Additionally, the healthcare team may provide guidance on any necessary lifestyle modifications or supportive care measures to enhance recovery and overall well-being.