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The CPT® Code 90581 refers to the anthrax vaccine, which can be administered either subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Vaccines, unlike immune globulins that offer short-term, passive immunity, are designed to provide active, long-term immunity. This is achieved by introducing altered versions of specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria, into the recipient's immune system. This exposure prompts the immune system to produce its own antibodies, enabling the body to recognize and combat the actual pathogen in future encounters. Anthrax, the disease targeted by this vaccine, is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis and its spores. The inhalation of anthrax spores can lead to a fatal form of the disease, resulting in pneumonia, while the cutaneous form, which manifests through skin contact, is more prevalent among humans. It is important to note that this code specifically reports the anthrax vaccine product used, without including any additional services or procedures associated with its administration.
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The anthrax vaccine is indicated for individuals who may be at risk of exposure to Bacillus anthracis, particularly in occupational settings or during outbreaks. The following conditions or situations may warrant the administration of the anthrax vaccine:
The administration of the anthrax vaccine involves several key procedural steps to ensure safety and efficacy. The following outlines the procedure:
Following the administration of the anthrax vaccine, patients are advised to monitor for any side effects, which may include mild pain or swelling at the injection site, fever, or fatigue. It is important for patients to report any unusual or severe reactions to their healthcare provider. Additionally, patients may receive information regarding follow-up doses if required, as the anthrax vaccination schedule may include multiple doses for optimal immunity. Documentation of the vaccination should be recorded in the patient's medical record, including the date of administration, the vaccine lot number, and the site of injection.
| Short Descr | ANTHRAX VACCINE SC OR IM | Medium Descr | ANTHRAX VACCINE SUBCUTANEOUS/IM USE | Long Descr | Anthrax vaccine, for subcutaneous or intramuscular use | Status Code | Excluded from Physician Fee Schedule by Regulation | Global Days | XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply | PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) | 9 - Not Applicable | Multiple Procedures (51) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Bilateral Surgery (50) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Physician Supervisions | 09 - Concept does not apply. | Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Co-Surgeons (62) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Team Surgery (66) | 9 - Concept does not apply. | Diagnostic Imaging Family | 99 - Concept Does Not Apply | APC Status Indicator | Non-Covered Service, not paid under OPPS | ASC Payment Indicator | Type of Service (TOS) | 1 - Medical Care | Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) | O1G - Immunizations/Vaccinations | MUE | 1 | CCS Clinical Classification | 228 - Prophylactic vaccinations and inoculations |
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| 2012-01-01 | Changed | Description Changed |
| 2011-01-01 | Changed | Short description changed. |
| 1999-01-01 | Added | First appearance in code book in 1999. |
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